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The ability to find closely correlated positions to Norfolk Southern could be a great tool in your tax-loss harvesting strategies, allowing investors a quick way to find a similar-enough asset to replace Norfolk Southern when you sell it. If you don't do this, your portfolio allocation will be skewed against your target asset allocation. So, investors can't just sell and buy back Norfolk Southern - that would be a violation of the tax code under the "wash sale" rule, and this is why you need to find a similar enough asset and use the proceeds from selling Norfolk Southern to buy it.

The correlation of Norfolk Southern is a statistical measure of how it moves in relation to other instruments. This measure is expressed in what is known as the correlation coefficient, which ranges between -1 and +1. A perfect positive correlation (i.e., a correlation coefficient of +1) implies that as Norfolk Southern moves, either up or down, the other security will move in the same direction. Alternatively, perfect negative correlation means that if Norfolk Southern moves in either direction, the perfectly negatively correlated security will move in the opposite direction. If the correlation is 0, the equities are not correlated; they are entirely random. A correlation greater than 0.8 is generally described as strong, whereas a correlation less than 0.5 is generally considered weak.